Heme oxygenase-1 protects renal function in septic rats via influencing expression of thrombomodulin

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on the kidney of septic rats and the influence of HO-1 on the expression of thrombomodulin (TM) in the kidney. METHODS: Sepsis in rats was developed with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The septic rats were randomly divided into sham group, CLP group, CLP+HO-1 inducer group and CLP+HO-1 inhibitor group (n=18). The plasma levels of creatinine (Cr), cystatin-C (Cys-C), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TM, and the changes of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in each group were measured. Histopathological examination was performed in the kidney. The expression of TM in the kidney tissue was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, significantly elevated plasma levels of Cr, Cys-C, TNF-α, IL-1β and TM (P<0.05), shortened PT and APTT (P<0.05), significantly increased microthrombus formation, and lowered TM expression in the kidney (P<0.05) of CLP group were observed. The administration of hemin lowered the plasma levels of Cr, Cys-C, TNF-α, IL-1β and TM (P<0.05), prolonged PT and APTT (P<0.05), attenuated microthrombus formation, and up-regulated the expression of TM in the kidney (P<0.05). In contrast, ZnPP had the opposite effects. CONCLUSION: HO-1 increases the expression of TM in the kidney and exerts anticoagulatory and antiinflammatory effects, thereby improving renal function in the septic rats.     

革兰阴性菌外膜囊泡的研究进展

外膜囊泡(outer membrane vesicles,OMVs)是革兰阴性(G^-)菌从细胞膜上脱落下来的囊泡,携带有细菌的大量组分,如外膜蛋白、脂多糖、脱氧核糖核酸等。由于OMVs无活性、不能复制且具有免疫原性,所以被认为是最具潜力的亚单位疫苗,同时OMVs对细菌本身具有多种作用,故OMVs成为研究的热点。本文从G^-菌OMVs的组成成分、形成机制、生物学功能、提取纯化方法及其开发应用前景5个方面综述其研究现状,为G^-菌的致病机制研究、OMVs的疫苗开发应用提供技术指导。     

不同地表覆盖方式对胡杨幼苗光合特性的影响及评价

为筛选对胡杨幼苗生长有效的地表覆盖物。以1年生胡杨幼苗为试材,设置覆膜(T1)、覆草苫子(T2)、覆沙(T3)和裸地(CK)共4种处理,利用相关性分析和隶属函数值法全面评价3种地表覆盖物对植株产生的效果。结果表明:T1、T2、T3处理均显著提高了不同月份的土壤含水率(P<0.05),平均土壤含水率较CK分别提高了26.1%、27.9%和23.5%;各覆盖均显著提高了成活率、株高及地径的生长,T2增长幅度最大;各覆盖均显著提高了叶片净光合速率(P n)、气孔导度(G s)、蒸腾速率(T r)(P<0.05),生长初期T1值最大,生长中后期T2值最大;T2处理的最大净光合速率(P max)、光饱和点(L SP)最大,光补偿点(L CP)和暗呼吸速率(R d)最低;各覆盖对水分利用效率(W UE)和表观量子效率(A QY)影响较小;植株生长与土壤含水率、P n、G s、P max、L SP呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),综合效果由强到弱顺序为T2、T3、T1、CK。覆草苫子较适宜在胡杨幼苗栽植过程中应用推广。     

小花蝽在不同植物上的种群密度

2010―2016年通过人工栽培小区试验，系统调查了33科152种植物上小花蝽复合种群发生动态。多年调查结果表明：除黄柴胡外，其余151种植物上均有小花蝽发生，但小花蝽的种群密度在不同调查年度的植物种类上差异较大。小花蝽种群发生密度最高的植物是蓝蓟，其次是芥菜、硫华菊、荞麦、紫花苜蓿、红麻、陆地棉等有大量蚜虫及开花周期较长的植物。本研究明确了农田生境中小花蝽发生密度较高的候选功能植物，为下一步利用植物多样性促进农田小花蝽种群的保育及控害功能提供科学依据。     

Isolation and Characterization of GhLEA3 Gene from Upland Cotton and Its Expression in Response to Low Temperature Stress

[Objective] Based on the analysis of cotton GhLEA3 gene structure and its expression model in chilling stress, we investigated the resistance function of GhLEA3 in response to cold stress. [Method] We cloned GhLEA3 from upland cotton by homologous sequence cloning way. We analyzed the properties of the GhLEA3, and constructed phylogenetic tree by bioinformatics analysis. We constructed the transient expression vector 35S∷GhLEA3-GFP by In-Fusion connection technology and studied the subcellular localization of GhLEA3. The expression of GhLEA3 gene in leaves of TM-1 at three-leaf stage under low temperature stress treatments (4 ℃, 24 h) was performed. Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated floral dipping method was used to transform the gene with expression vector 35S∷GhLEA3-GFP into Arabidopsis thaliana wild type. Low temperature germination experiment at 4 ℃ was conducted to verify germination ability of the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana T₃ seed. The transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings were treated at 4 ℃(low temperature), and all the leaves were taken to measure their electrical conductivity. [Result] The coding sequence of GhLEA3 gene is 1 218 bp, which encodes 405 amino acids. GhLEA3 protein includes 4 functional domains of PF02987. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the similarity of amino acid sequences between upland cotton GhLEA3 and Arabidopsis thaliana AtLEA3 was 52.6%. GhLEA3 might be mainly localized in vacuoles and small vesicles. GhLEA3 was up-regulated in leaves after low temperature treatment. The germination rate of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana of T₃ generation at low temperature was significantly higher than that of wild type, and its electrical conductivity of leaves after low temperature treatment was significantly lower than that of wild type. [Conclusion] GhLEA3 belonged to the member of LEA3 family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GhLEA3 had the closest relationship with AtLEA3. GhLEA3 was induced by low temperature stress and may play an important role in improving cold resistance.     

基于高斯函数的春玉米叶片功能期模型构建与应用

叶片功能期是影响光合生产能力的关键因素,冠层叶片功能期的量化评估对玉米植株生长和产量形成具有重要意义。本研究于2015—2017年在中国农业科学院作物科学研究所吉林公主岭试验站进行,定株观测先玉335和郑单958两个品种各个叶位叶片展开时间和衰老时间,基于2015年和2016年试验数据,以高斯函数(■)模拟玉米各叶位叶片功能期的动态变化,并用2017年数据验证,在此基础上进一步明确了模型特征参数的生理学意义,简化了叶片功能期模型构建的方法。研究条件下利用高斯函数构建的玉米叶片功能期模型年际间稳定性好、品种间区分度大。进一步解析利用一阶导(功能期最大值)、二阶导(功能期变化速率最大的点)、三阶导(功能期开始快速增大的点)等于零取整后的叶位并配合最顶部叶位(n)和基部第1叶这5个转折叶位叶片功能期构建的模型拟合度良好,极大地简化了该模型参数拟合的数据需求,并探讨了利用该模型函数对玉米叶片功能分组的可能性。本研究为玉米生产能力的量化分析提供了思路和方法,对各类玉米生长模型的完善和其他相关研究也有借鉴意义。     

桑叶的生理功能及在猪生产中的应用

桑叶中富含丰富的蛋白质、碳水化合物和氨基酸等营养物质,具有降脂、抗氧化、降血糖等多样化功能,是良好的畜禽饲料资源.但对桑叶的重视程度不够,使得桑叶在我国未能得到大规模的开发利用,导致桑叶资源的大量浪费。文章对桑叶的生理功能和在猪生产中的应用进行相关综述。     

硒多糖的来源、提取及其生物学功能研究进展

硒多糖是硒与多糖结合在一起的有机硒化合物，是一种新型的硒源，具有清除自由基、保护神经活性、增强免疫力、抗肿瘤、抗炎等多种功能。硒多糖具有特殊的化学结构——硒氧键（O=Se=O），有别于普通多糖，其能够发挥硒和多糖的双重功效，活性远高于硒或多糖。本文就硒多糖的来源、提取、分离纯化及生物学功能等方面的研究进展进行综述，以期为未来畜牧业新型饲料添加剂的开发、应用和推广提供理论依据。 [关键词] 硒多糖|来源|提取|生物学功能     

基于多结构鲁棒估计的虹膜外边缘定位方法

在Adaboost检测人脸区域的基础上，提出了基于多结构鲁棒估计的虹膜外边缘定位方法．通过对200幅单人脸的图像数据集的仿真实验，结果表明，本方法相比于传统的RANSAC模型生成算法以及Hough变换等方法，能得到更精确的定位结果，而且能加快有效的模型生成，虹膜外边缘定位精度达到94％．     

肺气虚证小鼠模型造模方法及其对小鼠免疫功能的影响

为筛选肺气虚证小鼠模型最佳造模方法并验证其免疫功能变化，分别选用SO2法、SO2＋寒冷因素刺激法、香烟烟熏法和香烟烟熏＋寒冷因素刺激法重建肺气虚证小鼠模型，检测其体重、肺脏剖检及病理组织变化等指标，筛选最佳造模方法，并测定其腹腔巨噬细胞活性、体外B细胞抗体分泌能力、血清NO含量、淋巴细胞增殖能力及细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ、TNF-α含量、肺匀浆中sIgA、sIgM水平。结果显示，香烟烟熏＋寒冷因素刺激法小鼠造模完成后出现严重的肺出血、肺组织坏死及炎性细胞浸润等病变，且与对照组小鼠相比，其体重、脾脏指数、胸腺指数分别显著下降18．35％，37．12％，19．69％，肺脏指数显著升高12．73％；小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性（P＜0．01）、血清NO水平下降（P＜0．05）；T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力显著升高；细胞因子IL-2（P＜0．01）、IFN-γ、IL-4含量升高（P＜0．05），IL-6含量下降（P＜0．05）；sIgA、sIgM水平均极显著升高。表明，香烟烟熏＋寒冷因素刺激法是肺气虚小鼠模型最佳造模方法，且其免疫功能受损。